Empress Wu Zhao the first Empress of china of tang Dynasty Free Essay Example, 1250 words

In 655, she was declared the new Empress. This did not stop her quest for being emperor. Her husband valued her for she was very witty. She introduced changes in the fields of agriculture, labor and tax reduction methods. The Emperor greatly valued her such that anyone who tried to oppose her was fired or forced to commit suicide. She was very apt to make sure that the chancellors loyal to the former empress like Chu Suiliang and Zhangsun Wuji were disposed. By doing this, she became very powerful and influential. Gaozong even attended morning assemblies with Wu Zetian. This was the first time that this ever happened in the Chinese history: it meant absolute power. In 660, the emperor became infected with an eye disease. As a result of this disease, the emperor was too weak to govern such that he relied a lot on her. After the death of her husband, Zetian exiled the elder son whom she claimed was not loyal to her. She then crowned the younger son, Li Dan as successor because he was submissive to her (Dennis 50). We will write a custom essay sample on Empress Wu Zhao the first Empress of china of tang Dynasty or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now By doing this, gained total control of the dynasty. In 690, she took over the Tang Dynasty. She then changed the name of the dynasty from Tang to Zhou in AD 690 (Jie, Bijun & Mow 93). In China, the empress is not a title for a ruler. It is for this reason that she declared herself the Holy Emperor. Wu Zhao’s Rule When Wu Zetian became emperor, she made sure that those who served in the dynasty were people who were loyal to her. She created a secret police force to act as a spying agent for her. Any person who was found rebelling against her was executed. She would not show mercy to any person who tried to oppose her. The more she gained power and control, the more confident she became. Wu Zhao’s Achievements Even though Zeitian rose to power in an unpopular way, she made great strides. During her reign, Wu Zeitian called for all talented people to serve in the civil service. She did all interviews personally and by doing this, the corrupt deals that were involved in recruitments were done away with. In her leadership, she ensured that she listened to all people who had advice that could benefit the dynasty. She did not dismiss advice even if it was from her critics. She paid special attention to the agriculture system. More land was brought under cultivation, and agricultural textbooks were introduced. Taxes were reduced as an incentive to increase production. Corvee was also imposed on the peasants so as to improve in their production. She is recognized for defeating the Confucian belief that women were inferior.

The Rise Of The Constantinian Dynasty - 910 Words

Although the rise of Christianity to dominate western religions may have been undeniable, there were key moments that helped secure this position for Christianity. The rise of the constantinian Dynasty was one of those key moments. During the 4th century, Constantine rose to emperor in the west after the death of his father. Never the less, constantinian and his brother in law Maxentius who was also his co-emperor in the west were rivals. There was a lot of hostility between them and a war broke out after years of political backstabbing. Before they met in the battle of Milvian Bridge in 312 AD, Constantine apparently had saw the sign of Christ in his dream. Several years later, Eusebius gives an account in which Christ appeared to Constantine and told him to place the heavenly sign on the battle standards of his army. Armed with this holy power, Constantine destroyed Maxentius and there for becoming the only western Emperor. Although Constantine previously worshipped sol invictus, the Sun God, he started to follow Christianity with devotion. He announced that his victory was from the Christian God and started to adopt policies to advance the cause of Christianity in the empire. Many people claimed that Constantine converted to Christianity simply for political reasons, and that may reasonable played a role. Some people argued that Constantine was baptized just before his death as a political move to help his son become an emperor after him but it was a custom for theShow MoreRelatedChristianity And The Roman Empire979 Words   |  4 Pagesmade a huge impact in Rome. Also, followers of this religion suffered from emperor’s thoughts and conclusion about Christianity. Furthermore, the Christians were in persecution for many years; however, after the emperor Constantine with the constantinian dynasty, everything seems to be effective for the Christians. The long years that took the Christian people to achieve the form of their religion were very challen ging. Yet, the doctrine taught by Christian professors made the roman people that followed

AP European history Free Essays

This course is comparable in scope and difficulty to a college-level course. AP European History’s principle goal is to foster a deeper understanding of the cultural, diplomatic, economic, intellectual, political, and social history of Europe from the High Renaissance (1450) to the present. While using primary and secondary sources alongside a college-level textbook, students will learn to read with discrimination and to express concise and coherent ideas orally and in writing. We will write a custom essay sample on AP European history or any similar topic only for you Order Now It will prepare students to take the AP European exam in May. Books to Purchase (required): . The Annotated Mona Lisa: A Crash course in Art History from Prehistoric to Postmodern. † By Strickland and Boswell. Andrews and McGee; 1992. ISBN: 0836280059. (approximately $10 on Amazon) 2. â€Å"Strive for a 5: Preparing for the AP European History Exam† Accompanies the textbook: A history of Western Society for AP Eleventh edition by McKay, Cranston†¦ Examples of online retailers (paperback)-?let should be between $30-$40 a. Order on Amazon ISBN 9781457652684 : $33 b. Campus. Com ISBN # 9781457652684– $37 . 39 Supplies to Purchase: 0 Plenty of pens and pencils 0 3 Ring Binder with dividers 0 Highlighters Summer Work Due Dates August 15, 2014 Part II and Part Ill, Reading, questions and essay on The Prince August 15, 2014 Part ‘V, Reading and chart from The Annotated Mona Lisa September 3, 2014 (First Day of School) Part l, Map test Part V, Reading of Section 1 from a Strive for a 5 September 4, 2014 (Second Day of School) Part VI, Textbook assignments Please submit assignments II, Ill, and IV to the guidance department by Noon on August 15, 2014. A map test will be given in class on the first day of school and discuss Section 1 from a Strive for a 5. We will begin reviewing Chapter 11 on the second day of school. Please e-mail: angle@dboone. Org if you have any questions about the coursework during the summer months. I look forward to working with each of you this fall! Best, Mr.. Angle Part l: Map Work Modern Europe 1. Locate the following on the map provided (do not simply copy one already filled in on the Internet). You may use an atlas or other reference materials to find the locations. 2. Make sure you use a current map of Europe. 3. Make sure you clearly identify and label each location. 4. You may use another blank map, or enlarge the one provided, if you need more space. 5. Coloring is optional. Be prepared to locate each of the following on a map test on the first day of school* Countries 1. Portugal 2. Spain 3. France 4. England 5. Ireland 6. Scotland 7. Belgium 8. Netherlands 9. Luxemburg 10. Germany 11. Denmark 12. Poland 13. Czech Republic 14. Slovakia 15. Austria 16. Switzerland 17. Italy 18. Hungary 19. Corsica (France) 20. Bosnia 21. Croatia 22. Slovenia 23. Macedonia 24. Serbia 25. Albania 26. Greece 27. Bulgaria 28. Romania 29. Ukraine 30. Russia 31 . Norway 32. Sweden 33. Finland 34. Lithuania 35. Latvia 36. Estonia 37. Turkey 38. Morocco (Africa) 39. Egypt (Africa) 40. Algeria (Africa) Bodies of Water 41 . North Sea 42. English Channel 43. Atlantic Ocean 44. Mediterranean Sea 45. Black Sea 46. Baltic Sea 47. Dreamless 48. Bosporus Cities 49. Madrid 50. Paris 51 . London 52. Dublin 53. Amsterdam 54. Brussels 55. Munich 56. Berlin 57. Geneva 58. Rome 59. Florence 60. Venice 61 . Vienna 62. Prague 63. Warsaw 64. Athens 65. Moscow 66. SST. Petersburg 67. Istanbul Regions and Rivers 68. Iberian Peninsula 69. Balkan Peninsula 70. Crimean Peninsula 71 . Normandy (France) 72. Alps 73. Rhine River 74. Thames River 75. Seine River 76. Danube River 77. Crimean Peninsula Part II: The Prince Read The Prince, by Machiavelli, and answer the questions. Type your answers. Your answers must be thoughtful and thorough. We will be using Machiavellian ideas for rulers throughout the year; therefore, it is imperative that you have a good grasp of the ideas. The entire text is available on several websites, including http://www. Lilt. Columbia. Due/publications/Machiavelli. HTML The Prince 1. Why did Machiavelli write The Prince? 2. Name the three major themes of The Prince. (HINT: Look at the chapter titles) 3. Describe the role of armies according to Machiavelli. 4. How does Machiavellian advice concerning the prince’s conduct in chapters 15-19 conflict with the advice previous writers would have given? Why does Machiavelli say that it is better for a prince â€Å"to be both loved and feared? † Is it possible for a prince to be both? Explain. 6. List and describe ten characteristics of a Machiavellian ruler. 7. As you perceive it, describe what a state might be like under a Machiavellian ruler. Part Ill: Essay Choose one contemporary Europea n leader, who has been in power at some time in the last 30 years. Research this leader’s biography, especially his or her political style and accomplishments or failures. You will receive at most half credit if you disregard this instruction and choose a non-European or non-contemporary leader. Once you have researched this European leader, please write an essay addressing the following topic: ESSAY TOPIC: Consider whether and how your chosen leader’s life does or does not show that Machiavellian advice to leaders is still relevant today. As you discuss the life and work of your leader, make sure that you include (and cite) relevant quotes from â€Å"The Prince. † This essay should be at least five (5) pages typed, double space, size 12 font, and with 1 inch margins. Be sure to proofread your work! Part l. Ft. The Annotated Mona Lisa This assignment is designed to evaluate your skill to teach yourself. This skill is indeed imperative in any AP/college course because given the strict time constraints we will not be able to cover all the material in class and you will therefore be responsible to digest significant portions of it by yourself, using Just the textbook In The Annotated Mona Lisa, the sections on ancient and medieval art emphasize context and historical relevance: What kind of people did it take to build the Egyptian pyramids? How has their work influenced the architecture of today? The sections on Renaissance and Baroque art, the nineteenth century, and the modern era touch on How to cite AP European history, Papers AP European History Free Essays However, the Soviet union established a scalded unionism regime that did not adhere to the Ideologies In which communism was oral signally created, which was to serve the masses. This form of communism failed in countries such as P land, Czechoslovakia. And Hungary. We will write a custom essay sample on AP European History or any similar topic only for you Order Now The original intent of communism was meant to have a classless society. However, the e soviet communist parties did not actually achieve that. As Molotov Dismissal wrote In The New Class, â€Å"The exclusive, if unwritten, law that only party members can become policeman, officers, diplomats, and only they can exercise actual authority, creates a special privileged group of bureaucrat TTS. The unofficial class of bureaucrats defied the true meaning of communism. Communists rulers cream Ted an illusion that was named communism, but In its basis, was not communism whatsoever. Soviet communists used their privileges to create a class that pushed the everyday cit Zen further down and limited the progress an individual can make. The everyday citizen was force deed to live a life where they wake up, work, go home, eat, and sleep. The citizens were stripped down t o their basic necessities that were sometimes even rejected. Croatian columnist, Slovenia Dreadful , wrote how, Every mother in Bulgaria can point to where communism failed, from the failure of t he planned economy. To the lack of apartments, child care facilities, clothes, disposable diapers, or toilet paper. † The communist did not provide all the necessities for people to live comfortably. Still, kept suppressing the lower class, while the bureaucrats lived comfortably. Communism m was never meant to have a society in which an individual is held back from their necessities. Yet , The soviet communists repressed many necessities and civil rights which included freedom of s beech and public expression. Vocal Have, president of Czechoslovakia, spoke in his New Year’s Day Address of 199 how, â€Å"Our country is not flourishing. The great creative and spiritual potential of our nation is not being applied meaningfully. † Have perfectly understood that communism withheld a lot of their creativity by not allowing people to freely express themselves. He even mentioned how, â€Å"The state, which calls itself a state of workers, is humiliating and exploiting them instead. † Communist worked pee pole extremely hard for a low wage â€Å"producing things for there is no demand while we are in short o f things we need. † Soviet communists took advantage of the power they had over the citizens and used t hat power to enlarge the gap between leaders of the communist party and the people being ruled According to a Croatian columnist, Slovenia Dramatic, â€Å"the banality of everyday life is where it [communism] really failed, rather than on the level of ideology. † The communist party did not provide enough services for the people which caused the people be opposed to communism. Without the support of the people, communism was bound to fail. People are what makes the sees once of government. Without people, there would be no government. The Soviet government did not make life or the everyday citizen to feel as though they were being heard or included into all the e decisions that were being made by the government every day. Without a classless society, honest rulers, or support from the ruled, communism in t he Soviet Union set itself up for failure. The citizens of the eastern European socialist states ha d no right to go through life under communist rule by the Soviets. Communism did not improve the e economy, or unify the states. Communism actually did the opposite; it impoverished the countries and s operated the states. How to cite AP European History, Papers

Effective Communication Values and Group Roles

Question: Discuss about theEffective Communicationfor Values and Group Roles. Answer: Introduction The involvement and influences of the leaders create the direct impact on the organisational performances. More specifically, the efficient communicational attributes of the leaders improve the values, styles, and interpersonal skills. According to Hackman and Johnson (2013), leaders shape the behaviour of the people within an organisation. The associated employees or the team members view the leaders as their role model and shape the behaviour in accordance with the organisational values and morals. Each of the leaders sets the particular agenda in order to establish the long-term goals. Mc Cleary, Crow and Matthews (2013) implied that the team performance depends on the efficient decision making process and the capabilities of implementing the decisions. It is necessary for the leaders to communicate the organisational scenario before undertaking any relevant decisions. The major focus of the essay is to evaluate the role of the leaders in communicating with the team members and sh aping the values and group roles. The leaders are needed to be responsible enough in recognising the potentiality of the group members. It is necessary to keep the focus on the different group activities. The leaders determine the functionalities by judging the capabilities and skills of the individual groups. Moreover, the leaders play the significant roles in identifying the potentiality of the individual being associated in the separate groups. The effective communication skills help in shaping the values in such regards. The essay will also provide the insightful ideas about the mission and values of the group. The necessity of adopting transparent communication will be discussed in this study. The recognition of such mission and values is possible if the leaders will receive proper feedbacks from the associated group members. The establishment of communication transparency is thus referred as the most useful and significant strategic processes that helps in shaping the attitude s and styles. Effective Communication of the Leaders in Shaping the Values and Group Roles The efficient leadership attributes help in shaping the values and behaviours within an organisation. It can be stated that the leaders play the significant role in shaping the overall organisational cultures in an effective way. However, while formulating the group, the leaders need to pay the attention towards some of the following communicational aspects. While undertaking the group activity, the leaders need to give importance to each and every member to interact about priorities. Respecting the team members is essential for the leaders. While undertaking the team activities, some of the conflicting situations may occur. The leaders need to take the active participation in resolving such conflicts (Lawrence 2015). Communicating in a transparent way is beneficial in such regards. The major responsibility of the leader is to create the climate of trust (Lawrence 2015). When the group members can rely on the decisions of the leaders, it will be effective enough in create the good team bonding. The leaders need to be much concentrated on using the effective communication channel that influences the team members in achieving determined goals. The ethical behaviour of the leaders is necessary. The maintenance of the workplace ethics inspires the associated workforce to work with proper disciplines (Van Ginkel and Van Knippenberg 2012). It is noticed that a group is formed by including people from diverse knowledge and skills. The efficient leaders recognise the necessity of associating these diverse people. It generally identifies the potentiality of the group members and helps the other members to enhance their skills. If the leaders maintain these responsibilities, it becomes easier for them to recognise the group potentiality. Moreover, the guiding principles are quite beneficial for shaping the values and group roles in a significant way. Mission, Vision and Values The mission, vision, and values help in shaping the future of an organisation (Hsiung 2012). The group activity depends on the specific goals determined by the industry leader. The purpose of this study is to understand the necessity of effective communications by the leaders, which is helpful enough in shaping the values of the group. The Vision of the group is to keep the focus on frequent learning and feedback process. While preparing the study with necessary information, it is noted that the continuous learning is necessary. It helps in enhancing the knowledge whereas feedback provides the proper measurements. The recognition of such mission is possible if the leaders will receive proper feedbacks from the associated group members The Mission of the group is to work with proper integrity and honestly. Maintaining proper ethical manner is necessary for providing the proper feedback. The constructive feedbacks determine whether the purpose of the group study is achieved or not. Hence, it is necessary to determine a clear and concise idea about the subject matter. The values of the group are concentrating on four major factors and these are as follows: Inclusiveness: The group value determines that people need to respect each other, value the diversity within the team, and committed to equality. Participations: The contribution of the team members is the key to achieve the purpose of the subject. Hence, it is essential for the group members to take active participations in the group activity. Quality: The major focus of the group is to ensure improvements. The members strive for achieving excellence and the continuous improvements are helpful enough in such regards. Openness: The maintenance of the culture of collaborative team work is one of the most significant values ensured by the group. The external and internal communications and providing the long-term direction is thus necessary to establish these values. References Hackman, M.Z. and Johnson, C.E., 2013.Leadership: A communication perspective. Waveland Press. Hsiung, H.H., 2012. Authentic leadership and employee voice behavior: A multi-level psychological process.Journal of business ethics,107(3), pp.349-361. Lawrence, T., 2015. Global leadership communication: A strategic proposal.Creighton Journal of Interdisciplinary Leadership,1(1), pp.51-59. Mc Cleary, L.E., Crow, G.M. and Matthews, L.J., 2013.Leadership: A relevant and realistic role for principals. Routledge. Van Ginkel, W.P. and Van Knippenberg, D., 2012. Group leadership and shared task representations in decision making groups.The Leadership Quarterly,23(1), pp.94-106.